#pragma once #include <cgv/math/vec.h> #include <cgv/math/functions.h> #include <cgv/math/det.h> #include <cgv/math/lin_solve.h> #include <limits> namespace cgv{ namespace math{ /** * A sphere is defined as a vector (a,b,c,r) => center (a,b,c) and radius r */ ///evaluate implicit sphere equation at x =(x1,x2,x3) ///returns signed dist template <typename T> T sphere_val(const vec<T>& sphere, const vec<T>& x) { assert(sphere.size()-1 == x.size()); T val=0; for(unsigned i = 0; i< x.size(); i++) val += sqr(x(i)-sphere(i)); return sqrt(val)-sphere(sphere.size()-1); } ///evaluate implicit sphere equation at x =(x1,x2,x3) ///returns signed dist template <typename T> vec<T> sphere_val(const vec<T>& sphere, const mat<T>& xs) { assert(sphere.size()-1 == xs.ncols()); vec<T> vals=0; for(unsigned i = 0; i< xs.ncols(); i++) vals(i) += sphere_val(sphere,xs.col(i)); return vals; } ///evaluate implicit sphere equation at x =(x1,x2,x3) ///returns signed squared dist template <typename T> T sphere_val2(const vec<T>& sphere, const vec<T>& x) { assert(sphere.size()-1 == x.size()); T val=0; for(unsigned i = 0; i< x.size(); i++) val += sqr(x(i)-sphere(i)); return val-sqr(sphere(sphere.size()-1)); } ///evaluate implicit sphere equation at x =(x1,x2,x3) ///returns signed dist template <typename T> vec<T> sphere_val2(const vec<T>& sphere, const mat<T>& xs) { assert(sphere.size()-1 == xs.ncols()); vec<T> vals=0; for(unsigned i = 0; i< xs.ncols(); i++) vals(i) += sphere_val2(sphere,xs.col(i)); return vals; } ///construct smallest enclosing sphere of one point template <typename T> vec<T> sphere_fit(const vec<T>& p1) { vec<T> sphere(4); sphere.set(p1(0),p1(1),p1(2),std::numeric_limits<T>::epsilon()); return sphere; } ///sphere through 2 points template <typename T> vec<T> sphere_fit(const vec<T>& p1,const vec<T>& p2) { vec<T> sphere(4); vec<T> center = (T)0.5*(p1+p2); sphere.set(center(0),center(1),center(2),length(p2-center)+ std::numeric_limits<T>::epsilon()); return sphere; } ///sphere through 3 points template<typename T> vec<T> sphere_fit(const vec<T>& O,const vec<T>& A,const vec<T>& B) { vec<T> a = A - O; vec<T> b = B - O; T denominator = (T)2.0 * dot(cross(a , b) , cross(a , b)); vec<T> o = (dot(b,b) * cross(cross(a , b) , a) + dot(a,a) * cross(b , cross(a , b))) / denominator; T radius = length(o) + std::numeric_limits<T>::epsilon(); vec<T> center = O + o; return vec<T>(center(0),center(1),center(2),radius); } ///sphere through 4 points template <typename T> vec<T> sphere_fit(const vec<T>& x1,const vec<T>& x2,const vec<T>& x3,const vec<T>& x4) { mat<T> M(4,4); M(0,0) = 1; M(0,1) = x1(0); M(0,2) = x1(1); M(0,3) = x1(2); M(1,0) = 1; M(1,1) = x2(0); M(1,2) = x2(1); M(1,3) = x2(2); M(2,0) = 1; M(2,1) = x3(0); M(2,2) = x3(1); M(2,3) = x3(2); M(3,0) = 1; M(3,1) = x4(0); M(3,2) = x4(1); M(3,3) = x4(2); vec<T> b(4); b(0) = -dot(x1,x1); b(1) = -dot(x2,x2); b(2) = -dot(x3,x3); b(3) = -dot(x4,x4); vec<T> x; cgv::math::solve(M,b,x); vec<T> center = vec<T>(-x(1)/(T)2.0,-x(2)/(T)2.0,-x(3)/(T)2.0); T radius = sqrt(dot(center,center)-x(0)); return vec<T>(center(0),center(1),center(2),radius); } //recursive helper function template <typename T> vec<T> recurse_mini_ball(T** P, unsigned int p, unsigned int b=0) { vec<T> mb; switch(b) { case 0: mb=vec<T>((T)0,(T)0,(T)0,(T)-1); break; case 1: mb = sphere_fit(vec<T>(3,(const T*)P[-1])); break; case 2: mb = sphere_fit(vec<T>(3,(const T*)P[-1]),vec<T>(3,(const T*)P[-2])); break; case 3: mb = sphere_fit(vec<T>(3,(const T*)P[-1]),vec<T>(3,(const T*)P[-2]),vec<T>(3,(const T*)P[-3])); break; case 4: mb = sphere_fit(vec<T>(3,(const T*)P[-1]),vec<T>(3,(const T*)P[-2]),vec<T>(3,(const T*)P[-3]) ,vec<T>(3,(const T*)P[-4])); return mb; } for(unsigned int i = 0; i < p; i++) { if(sphere_val2(mb,vec<T>(3,(const T*)P[i])) > 0) // Signed square distance to sphere { for(unsigned int j = i; j > 0; j--) { T *a = P[j]; P[j] = P[j - 1]; P[j - 1] = a; } mb = recurse_mini_ball(P + 1, i, b + 1); } } return mb; } ///compute smallest enclosing sphere of points template <typename T> vec<T> mini_ball(cgv::math::mat<T>& points) { unsigned p = points.ncols(); T **L = new T*[p]; for(unsigned int i = 0; i < p; i++) L[i] = &(points(0,i)); vec<T> mb = recurse_mini_ball(L, p); delete[] L; return mb; } } }